Overview: Flooding is Pennsylvania’s most common and damaging natural hazard.
What Drives Flooding
- Heavy rainfall
- Snowmelt
- Ice Jams
- Tropical remnants
- Urbanization
Impacts: Property damage, transportation disruptions, erosion, public safety risks.
How to Prepare
- Know your flood zone
- Elevate utilities
- Purchase flood insurance
- Have a go-kit
Mitigation Actions: Stormwater retrofits, green infrastructure, floodplain restoration, voluntary property buyouts.
Overview: Hotter, drier conditions are increasing wildfire risk across forested landscapes.
What Drives Wildfire
- Spring dry seasons
- Escaped debris burns
- Fuel buildup
How to Prepare
- Create defensible space
- Clean gutters and roofs
- Store firewood away from homes
Overview: Periods of low precipitation affect water supply, agriculture, and wildfire conditions.
Early Indicators: Low streamflow, poor soil moisture, reduced groundwater recharge.
Overview: Slope failures are common in southwestern and central Pennsylvania.
Triggers: Rainfall, freeze-thaw cycles, excavation, steep slopes.
Overview: While infrequent, Pennsylvania experiences small but measurable earthquakes.
Mitigation Actions: Secure tall furniture, reinforce structures, adopt seismic building practices.
Includes:
- Severe thunderstorms
- High winds
- Tornadoes
- Hail
- Extreme heat
- Winter storms
Overview: Ground collapse can occur due to historic underground mining.
Prepare & Prevent
- Check risk maps
- Consider mine subsidence insurance
- Consult geotechnical professionals when building